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Gonzaga, Waldecir, and Doaldo Ferreira Belem. 2022. “Rethorical Analysis of 2 Peter 3,14-16”. Franciscanum 64 (178). https://doi.org/10.21500/01201468.5582.
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Abstract
The present work aims at an exegesis of the pericope of 2Pd 3,14-16, belonging to one of the Catholic and Deuterocanonical Letters of the New Testament. For that, we will use the rules of Biblical Semitic Rhetorical Analysis, proposed by the french scholar Roland Meynet, and, through this method, we can verify the centrality of the pauline Scriptures and the problem about their correct interpretation. Far from overvaluing these writings, the hagiographer complains that not only are these distorted, but the other Scriptures as well. This centrality places Paul as an example to be followed by the faithful, who are truly opposed to the “false teachers”, who, disqualifying the Scriptures, place themselves diametrically opposed to the “beloved Paul”.
References
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Bauckham, Richard J. 2 Peter, Jude. Vol. 50. Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 1998.
Behm, Johannes. «δυσνόητος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 4, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 963. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964.
Bigg, Charles. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary: the Epistles of St. Peter and St. Jude. International Critical Commentary. Edinburgh: T&T Clark International, 1901.
Blaising, Craig. A. «The Day of the Lord Will Come: An Exposition of 2 Peter 3:1-18». Bibliotheca Sacra, 676, Vol. 169 (2012): 387-401.
Brown, Sherri. «The Challenge of 2 Peter and the Call to Theosis». The Expository Times 12, Vol. 128 (2017): 583-592.
Bushell, Michael S. Bible Works for Windows. Version 10. Norfolk, Va, Bible Works, LLC, 2015.
Caffin, Benjamin Charles. 2 Peter. The Pulpit Commentary. London; New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company, 1909.
Comfort, Philip W.; Barrett, David P. The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 2001.
Conti, Martino. «La Sophia di 2 Petr. 3,15». Rivista Biblica, Vol. 17 (1969): 121-138.
Cothenet, Edouard. As Epístolas de Pedro. São Paulo: Paulinas, 1986.
Davids, Peter H. The Letters of 2 Peter and Jude. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 2006.
De Gruyter, Walter. Konkordanz zum Novum Testamentum Graece. Berlim, Nova York: Institut für Neuentestamentliche Textforschung und vom rechenzentrum der Universitat Münster, 1987.
Elliger, K.; Rudolph, W. Eds. Bíblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. 5ª Ed. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1997.
Eusébio de Cesareia. História Eclesiástica. São Paulo: Paulus, 2000.
Gonzaga, Waldecir. «A Sagrada Escritura, a alma da Sagrada Teologia». En Exegese, Teologia e Pastoral, relações, tensões e desafios, editado por Isidoro Mazzarollo; Leonardo Agostini Fernandes; Maria de Lourdes Corrêa Lima, 201-235. Rio de Janeiro: PUC-Rio; Santo André: Academia Cristã, 2015,
Gonzaga, Waldecir. «O Salmo 150 à luz da Análise Retórica Bíblica Semítica». ReBiblica 2, Vol. 1 (2019): 155-170.
Gonzaga, Waldecir. Compêndio do Cânon Bíblico. Listas dos Catálogos Bíblicos: Antigo Testamento, Novo Testamento e Apócrifos. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes; Rio de Janeiro: Editora PUC Rio, 2019.
Gonzaga, Waldecir; Belem, Doaldo Ferreira. «O Uso Retórico do Antigo Testamento na Carta aos Colossenses». Theologica Xaveriana, Vol. 71 (2021): 1-35.
Gonzaga. Waldecir. «O Corpus Paulinum no Cânon do Novo Testamento». Atualidade Teológica 55, Vol. 21 (2017): 19-41.
Green, Michael. II Pedro e Judas: Introdução e Comentário. São Paulo: Mundo Cristão, 1983.
Grünzweig, Fritz; Holmer, Uwe; de Booer, Werner. Cartas de Tiago, Pedro, João e Judas. São Paulo: Esperança, 2008.
Harder, Günther. «ἀστήρικτος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 7, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 653-657. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Harder, Günther. «σπουδάζω». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 7, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 559-568. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Hauck, Friedrich. «ἄμωμος; ἀμώμητος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 4, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 830-831. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Himes, Paul A. «Peter and The Prophetic Word: the Theology of Prophecy Traced Through Peter's Sermons and Epistles». Bulletin for Biblical Research 2, Vol. 21 (2011): 227-243.
Horst, Johannes. «μακροθυμία». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 4, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 374-387. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Kistemaker, Simon J. Epístolas de Pedro e Judas. São Paulo: Editora Cultura Cristã, 2006.
Lange, Johann Peter, et al. A Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: 2 Peter. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2008.
Lightfoot, Joseph B.; Harmer, John R. The Apostolic Fathers. London: Macmillan and Co., 1891.
Louw, Johannes P.; Nida, Eugene A. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. Vol. 1. New York: United Bible Societies, 1996.
Lucas, Dick; Green, Christopher. The Message of 2 Peter & Jude: The Promise of His Coming. The Bible Speaks Today. Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1995.
Marconcini. Gilberto. Lettera di Giuda. Seconda Lettera di Pietro. Bologna: EDB, 2005.
Maurer, Christian. «προσδοκάω». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 6, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 725-727. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964.
Mazzarolo, Isidoro. Primeira e Segunda Cartas de Pedro. Exegese e Comentário. Rio de Janeiro: Mazzarolo editor, 2015.
Mazzeo, Michele. Lettere di Pietro. Lettera di Giuda. Roma: Paoline, 2002.
Meier, John P. «Forming the Canon on the Edge of the Canon: 2 Peter 3:8-18». Mid-Stream 1-2, Vol. 38 (1999): 65-70.
Meynet, Roland. «A Análise Retórica: um Novo Método para Compreender a Bíblia». Brotéria, Vol. 137 (1993): 391-407.
Nestle–Aland. Novum Testamentum Graece. 27. Rev. Aufl. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellchaft, 1993.
Nestle–Aland. Novum Testamentum Graece. 28. Rev. Aufl. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellchaft, 2012.
Neyrey, Jerome Henry. 2 Peter, Jude: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2008.
Oden, Thomas C. Santiago, 1-2 Pedro, 1-3 Juan, Judas. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2002.
Oepke, Albrecht. «ἀπόλλυμι, ἀπώλεια». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 1, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 394-397. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Oepke, Albrecht. «ἄσπιλος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 1, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 502. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Pérez Millos, Samuel. 1ª y 2ª Pedro. Barcelona: CLE, 2018.
Perkins, Pheme. First and Second Peter, James, and Jude. Louisville, KY: John Knox Press, 1995.
Rahlfs, Alfred; Hanhart, Robert Eds. Septuaginta. Editio altera: Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2006.
Rinaldi, Giovanni. «La “sapienza data” a Paolo (2 Petr. 3,15)». In San Pietro: Atti della XIX Semana Biblica, editado por Associazone Biblica Italiana, 395-411. Brescia: Paideia Brescia, 1967.
Schelkle, Karl Hermann. Cartas de Pedro: Carta de Judas: texto y comentario. Madrid: FAX, 1974.
Schreiner, Thomas R. 1, 2 Peter, Jude. Vol. 37. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2003.
Schrenk, Gottlob. «γράφω, γραφή». In Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 1, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 742-773. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Spicq, Ceslas. Les epitres de Saint Pierre. Paris: J. Gabalda, 1966.
Sproul, Robert Charles. 1 e 2 Pedro. São Paulo: Cultura Cristã, 2016.
Stöger, Alois. Judas e Pedro. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1971.
Tischendorf, Constantinus von; Gregory, C. R.; Abbot, E. Novum Testamentum Graece. Editio Octavo Critica Maior. Lipsiae: Giesecke & Devrient, 1869–1894.
Bauckham, Richard J. 2 Peter, Jude. Vol. 50. Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 1998.
Behm, Johannes. «δυσνόητος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 4, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 963. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964.
Bigg, Charles. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary: the Epistles of St. Peter and St. Jude. International Critical Commentary. Edinburgh: T&T Clark International, 1901.
Blaising, Craig. A. «The Day of the Lord Will Come: An Exposition of 2 Peter 3:1-18». Bibliotheca Sacra, 676, Vol. 169 (2012): 387-401.
Brown, Sherri. «The Challenge of 2 Peter and the Call to Theosis». The Expository Times 12, Vol. 128 (2017): 583-592.
Bushell, Michael S. Bible Works for Windows. Version 10. Norfolk, Va, Bible Works, LLC, 2015.
Caffin, Benjamin Charles. 2 Peter. The Pulpit Commentary. London; New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company, 1909.
Comfort, Philip W.; Barrett, David P. The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 2001.
Conti, Martino. «La Sophia di 2 Petr. 3,15». Rivista Biblica, Vol. 17 (1969): 121-138.
Cothenet, Edouard. As Epístolas de Pedro. São Paulo: Paulinas, 1986.
Davids, Peter H. The Letters of 2 Peter and Jude. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 2006.
De Gruyter, Walter. Konkordanz zum Novum Testamentum Graece. Berlim, Nova York: Institut für Neuentestamentliche Textforschung und vom rechenzentrum der Universitat Münster, 1987.
Elliger, K.; Rudolph, W. Eds. Bíblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. 5ª Ed. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1997.
Eusébio de Cesareia. História Eclesiástica. São Paulo: Paulus, 2000.
Gonzaga, Waldecir. «A Sagrada Escritura, a alma da Sagrada Teologia». En Exegese, Teologia e Pastoral, relações, tensões e desafios, editado por Isidoro Mazzarollo; Leonardo Agostini Fernandes; Maria de Lourdes Corrêa Lima, 201-235. Rio de Janeiro: PUC-Rio; Santo André: Academia Cristã, 2015,
Gonzaga, Waldecir. «O Salmo 150 à luz da Análise Retórica Bíblica Semítica». ReBiblica 2, Vol. 1 (2019): 155-170.
Gonzaga, Waldecir. Compêndio do Cânon Bíblico. Listas dos Catálogos Bíblicos: Antigo Testamento, Novo Testamento e Apócrifos. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes; Rio de Janeiro: Editora PUC Rio, 2019.
Gonzaga, Waldecir; Belem, Doaldo Ferreira. «O Uso Retórico do Antigo Testamento na Carta aos Colossenses». Theologica Xaveriana, Vol. 71 (2021): 1-35.
Gonzaga. Waldecir. «O Corpus Paulinum no Cânon do Novo Testamento». Atualidade Teológica 55, Vol. 21 (2017): 19-41.
Green, Michael. II Pedro e Judas: Introdução e Comentário. São Paulo: Mundo Cristão, 1983.
Grünzweig, Fritz; Holmer, Uwe; de Booer, Werner. Cartas de Tiago, Pedro, João e Judas. São Paulo: Esperança, 2008.
Harder, Günther. «ἀστήρικτος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 7, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 653-657. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Harder, Günther. «σπουδάζω». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 7, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 559-568. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Hauck, Friedrich. «ἄμωμος; ἀμώμητος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 4, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 830-831. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Himes, Paul A. «Peter and The Prophetic Word: the Theology of Prophecy Traced Through Peter's Sermons and Epistles». Bulletin for Biblical Research 2, Vol. 21 (2011): 227-243.
Horst, Johannes. «μακροθυμία». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 4, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 374-387. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Kistemaker, Simon J. Epístolas de Pedro e Judas. São Paulo: Editora Cultura Cristã, 2006.
Lange, Johann Peter, et al. A Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: 2 Peter. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2008.
Lightfoot, Joseph B.; Harmer, John R. The Apostolic Fathers. London: Macmillan and Co., 1891.
Louw, Johannes P.; Nida, Eugene A. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. Vol. 1. New York: United Bible Societies, 1996.
Lucas, Dick; Green, Christopher. The Message of 2 Peter & Jude: The Promise of His Coming. The Bible Speaks Today. Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1995.
Marconcini. Gilberto. Lettera di Giuda. Seconda Lettera di Pietro. Bologna: EDB, 2005.
Maurer, Christian. «προσδοκάω». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 6, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 725-727. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964.
Mazzarolo, Isidoro. Primeira e Segunda Cartas de Pedro. Exegese e Comentário. Rio de Janeiro: Mazzarolo editor, 2015.
Mazzeo, Michele. Lettere di Pietro. Lettera di Giuda. Roma: Paoline, 2002.
Meier, John P. «Forming the Canon on the Edge of the Canon: 2 Peter 3:8-18». Mid-Stream 1-2, Vol. 38 (1999): 65-70.
Meynet, Roland. «A Análise Retórica: um Novo Método para Compreender a Bíblia». Brotéria, Vol. 137 (1993): 391-407.
Nestle–Aland. Novum Testamentum Graece. 27. Rev. Aufl. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellchaft, 1993.
Nestle–Aland. Novum Testamentum Graece. 28. Rev. Aufl. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellchaft, 2012.
Neyrey, Jerome Henry. 2 Peter, Jude: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2008.
Oden, Thomas C. Santiago, 1-2 Pedro, 1-3 Juan, Judas. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2002.
Oepke, Albrecht. «ἀπόλλυμι, ἀπώλεια». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 1, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 394-397. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Oepke, Albrecht. «ἄσπιλος». En Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 1, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 502. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Pérez Millos, Samuel. 1ª y 2ª Pedro. Barcelona: CLE, 2018.
Perkins, Pheme. First and Second Peter, James, and Jude. Louisville, KY: John Knox Press, 1995.
Rahlfs, Alfred; Hanhart, Robert Eds. Septuaginta. Editio altera: Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2006.
Rinaldi, Giovanni. «La “sapienza data” a Paolo (2 Petr. 3,15)». In San Pietro: Atti della XIX Semana Biblica, editado por Associazone Biblica Italiana, 395-411. Brescia: Paideia Brescia, 1967.
Schelkle, Karl Hermann. Cartas de Pedro: Carta de Judas: texto y comentario. Madrid: FAX, 1974.
Schreiner, Thomas R. 1, 2 Peter, Jude. Vol. 37. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2003.
Schrenk, Gottlob. «γράφω, γραφή». In Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (electronic ed.), vol. 1, editado por Gerhard Kittel, Geoffrey W. Bromiley e Gerhard Friedrich, 742-773. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Spicq, Ceslas. Les epitres de Saint Pierre. Paris: J. Gabalda, 1966.
Sproul, Robert Charles. 1 e 2 Pedro. São Paulo: Cultura Cristã, 2016.
Stöger, Alois. Judas e Pedro. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1971.
Tischendorf, Constantinus von; Gregory, C. R.; Abbot, E. Novum Testamentum Graece. Editio Octavo Critica Maior. Lipsiae: Giesecke & Devrient, 1869–1894.
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