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Chim-Mik, A. F., Castillo-Palacio, M., & Gadotti dos Anjos, S. J. (2017). Competitividad y producción turística: diferentes medidas de la evolución del destino. Revista Gestión & Desarrollo, 13(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.21500/01235834.2982
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Resumen
Esta investigación discute la medida que ofrecen los monitores de competitividad turística y compara la evolución del ranking de competitividad Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index con la medida del desarrollo turístico basada en variables que expresan la producción del sector. Se analizaron quince países agrupados según su potencial competitivo para el turismo durante el período 2008-2015, con el propósito de presentar indicios de que la medida de competitividad, tal como se lleva a cabo, está en desacuerdo con la producción del sector. Esta falta de correlación puede generar interpretaciones equivocadas. Los resultados indicaron que a pesar de que un país pierda competitividad turística, puede presentar mejoras en el número de empleos turísticos, así como en el gasto del turista extranjero y en el total de inversión en el sector. Esta falta de relación directa se observó en los tres grupos de países, pero fue más acentuada cuando el grado de desarrollo económico y turístico del país era menor.
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Referencias
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BARROS, C. P., BOTTI, L., PEYPOCH, N., ROBINOT, E., & SOLONANDRASANA, B. (2011). Performance of French destinations: Tourism attraction perspectives.Tourism Management, 32(1), 141-146.
CHIM-MIKI, A.F., Batista-Canino, R.M., & Medina-Brito, P. (2016). La Competitividad Nacional del Sector de Turismo: Una Comparación de la Medida Interna Vs la Medida Externa. Revista Turydes: Turismo y Desarrollo, 9 (20), 1-20. En línea: http://www.eumed.net/rev/turydes/20/ttci.html
CRACOLICI, M. F., & NIJKAMP, P. (2009). The attractiveness and competitiveness of tourist destinations: A study of Southern Italian regions.Tourism management, 30(3), 336-344.
CROES, R.R. (2006). A paradigm shift to a new strategy for small island economies: Embracing demand side economics for value enhancement and long term economic stability. Tourism Management, 27 (3), 453-465.
CROES, R.R. (2012). Assessing tourism development from Sen’s capability approach. Journal of Travel Research, 51 ( 5), 542-554.
CROES, R., & KUBICKOVA, M. (2013). From potential to ability to compete: Towards a performance-based tourism competitiveness index. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2 (3), 146-154.
CROUCH, G.I., & RITCHIE, J. R. B. (1999). Tourism, Competitiveness, and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research, 44 (3), 137–152.
DA SILVA Añaña, E., DE LIMA Pereira, M., & Dos Anjos, Francisco A. (2015). Competitividade de Destinos Turísticos na Visão da Demanda: introdução de um novo método de avaliação. Revista Turismo em Análise, 26 (4), 859-879.
DELLA CORTE, V., & Aria, M. (2016). Coopetition and sustainable competitive advantage: the case of tourist destinations. Tourism Management, 54, 524-540.
DWYER, L., & Kim, C. (2003). Destination competitiveness: determinants and indicators. Current issues in tourism, 6(5), 369-414.
ENRIGHT, M. J., & Newton, J. (2004). Tourism destination competitiveness: a quantitative approach. Tourism management, 25(6), 777-788.
FAJNZYLBER, F. (1988). Competitividad internacional: evolución y leciones. Revista de la CEPAL, 36, 7-24.
GÂNDARA, José, & Chim-Miki, A. F. (2016). Destination evaluation through the prioritization of competitiveness pillars: The case of brazil. En Artal-Tur, A., & Kozak, M. Destination Competitiveness, the Environment and Sustainability: Challenges and Cases, (pp. 24-39). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780646978.
GCI – World Economic Forum (2015). The Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015. Disponible en: https://www.weforum.org/reports/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015.
GODOY, A.S. (1995) Introdução à pesquisa qualitativa e suas possibilidades. Revista de Administração de Empresas, Rio de Janeiro, 35 (2), 57-63.
MALHOTRA, N. K. (2006) Pesquisa de marketing: uma orientação aplicada. 3° Ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman.
HONG, W. C. (2009). Global competitiveness measurement for the tourism sector. Current Issues in Tourism, 12(2), 105-132.
NEWALL, J. E. (1992). The challenge of competitiveness. Business quarterly,56(4), 94-100.
OECD. (2001). Measuring Productivity: Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-Level Productivity Growth. Paris: OECD Publishing. Statistics Portal.
PORTER, M. E. (1993). A vantagem competitiva das nações. Ed. Campus: Rio de Janeiro, 897 p.
PORTER, M. E. (2008). The Five Competitive Forces that Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, january, 79-93.
RITCHIE, J.R. B., & CROUCH, G. I. (2003). The competitive destination: A sustainability perspective. University of Calgary: Canadá.
DORADO, E., & SANZ, Z. (2002). Un análisis sectorial-regional de la productividad del trabajo en España. Cuadernos de Estudios Empresariales,12, 27-49.
SPENCE, A. M., HAZARD, H. A., & KENNEDY, J.F. (1988). International competitiveness. The International Executive, 30(1), 32-34.
VIANNA, S. L. G., GADOTTI DOS ANJOS, S.J., & Dos Anjos, F. A. (2016). Competitividade na destinação turística: análise do desempenho real frente ao desempenho percebido pelos gestores. Applied Tourism, 1( 1), 145-172.
WAHEEDUZZAN, A., & RYANS, J. (1996) Definition, perspectives, and understanding of international competitiveness: A quest for a common ground. Competitiveness Review, 6 (2), 7–26.
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2007: Furthering the Process of Economic Development. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2008: Balancing Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2009: Managing in a Time of Turbulence. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011: Beyond the Downturn. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013: Reducing Barriers to Economic Growth and Job Creation. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015: Growth through Shocks. Disponible en:
WTTC – World Travel & Tourism Council. Disponible en
BARROS, C. P., BOTTI, L., PEYPOCH, N., ROBINOT, E., & SOLONANDRASANA, B. (2011). Performance of French destinations: Tourism attraction perspectives.Tourism Management, 32(1), 141-146.
CHIM-MIKI, A.F., Batista-Canino, R.M., & Medina-Brito, P. (2016). La Competitividad Nacional del Sector de Turismo: Una Comparación de la Medida Interna Vs la Medida Externa. Revista Turydes: Turismo y Desarrollo, 9 (20), 1-20. En línea: http://www.eumed.net/rev/turydes/20/ttci.html
CRACOLICI, M. F., & NIJKAMP, P. (2009). The attractiveness and competitiveness of tourist destinations: A study of Southern Italian regions.Tourism management, 30(3), 336-344.
CROES, R.R. (2006). A paradigm shift to a new strategy for small island economies: Embracing demand side economics for value enhancement and long term economic stability. Tourism Management, 27 (3), 453-465.
CROES, R.R. (2012). Assessing tourism development from Sen’s capability approach. Journal of Travel Research, 51 ( 5), 542-554.
CROES, R., & KUBICKOVA, M. (2013). From potential to ability to compete: Towards a performance-based tourism competitiveness index. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2 (3), 146-154.
CROUCH, G.I., & RITCHIE, J. R. B. (1999). Tourism, Competitiveness, and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research, 44 (3), 137–152.
DA SILVA Añaña, E., DE LIMA Pereira, M., & Dos Anjos, Francisco A. (2015). Competitividade de Destinos Turísticos na Visão da Demanda: introdução de um novo método de avaliação. Revista Turismo em Análise, 26 (4), 859-879.
DELLA CORTE, V., & Aria, M. (2016). Coopetition and sustainable competitive advantage: the case of tourist destinations. Tourism Management, 54, 524-540.
DWYER, L., & Kim, C. (2003). Destination competitiveness: determinants and indicators. Current issues in tourism, 6(5), 369-414.
ENRIGHT, M. J., & Newton, J. (2004). Tourism destination competitiveness: a quantitative approach. Tourism management, 25(6), 777-788.
FAJNZYLBER, F. (1988). Competitividad internacional: evolución y leciones. Revista de la CEPAL, 36, 7-24.
GÂNDARA, José, & Chim-Miki, A. F. (2016). Destination evaluation through the prioritization of competitiveness pillars: The case of brazil. En Artal-Tur, A., & Kozak, M. Destination Competitiveness, the Environment and Sustainability: Challenges and Cases, (pp. 24-39). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780646978.
GCI – World Economic Forum (2015). The Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015. Disponible en: https://www.weforum.org/reports/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015.
GODOY, A.S. (1995) Introdução à pesquisa qualitativa e suas possibilidades. Revista de Administração de Empresas, Rio de Janeiro, 35 (2), 57-63.
MALHOTRA, N. K. (2006) Pesquisa de marketing: uma orientação aplicada. 3° Ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman.
HONG, W. C. (2009). Global competitiveness measurement for the tourism sector. Current Issues in Tourism, 12(2), 105-132.
NEWALL, J. E. (1992). The challenge of competitiveness. Business quarterly,56(4), 94-100.
OECD. (2001). Measuring Productivity: Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-Level Productivity Growth. Paris: OECD Publishing. Statistics Portal.
PORTER, M. E. (1993). A vantagem competitiva das nações. Ed. Campus: Rio de Janeiro, 897 p.
PORTER, M. E. (2008). The Five Competitive Forces that Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, january, 79-93.
RITCHIE, J.R. B., & CROUCH, G. I. (2003). The competitive destination: A sustainability perspective. University of Calgary: Canadá.
DORADO, E., & SANZ, Z. (2002). Un análisis sectorial-regional de la productividad del trabajo en España. Cuadernos de Estudios Empresariales,12, 27-49.
SPENCE, A. M., HAZARD, H. A., & KENNEDY, J.F. (1988). International competitiveness. The International Executive, 30(1), 32-34.
VIANNA, S. L. G., GADOTTI DOS ANJOS, S.J., & Dos Anjos, F. A. (2016). Competitividade na destinação turística: análise do desempenho real frente ao desempenho percebido pelos gestores. Applied Tourism, 1( 1), 145-172.
WAHEEDUZZAN, A., & RYANS, J. (1996) Definition, perspectives, and understanding of international competitiveness: A quest for a common ground. Competitiveness Review, 6 (2), 7–26.
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2007: Furthering the Process of Economic Development. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2008: Balancing Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2009: Managing in a Time of Turbulence. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011: Beyond the Downturn. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013: Reducing Barriers to Economic Growth and Job Creation. Disponible en:
WEF – World Economic Forum. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015: Growth through Shocks. Disponible en:
WTTC – World Travel & Tourism Council. Disponible en
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