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Resumen
Si bien la disciplina severa de los padres hacia los hijos es una preocupación mundial, los niños que viven en Nigeria a menudo experimentan niveles particularmente altos de disciplina severa. Restringidos por la falta de habilidades parentales para manejar eficazmente a los niños, la mayoría de los padres nigerianos dependen demasiado del uso de métodos violentos en la disciplina de sus hijos, lo que representa una gran amenaza para su bienestar y desarrollo. Dados los altos niveles de crianza severa y la falta de comprensión de sus consecuencias, nos propusimos desarrollar un programa de intervención llamado Programa de crianza psicoeducativa para prevenir la violencia contra los niños (PEPVAC), guiado por los principios psicológicos de la teoría del aprendizaje social, para ayudar a los padres. Probamos la efectividad del programa utilizando un diseño cuasi-experimental con cuestionario y observación como herramientas de recolección de datos. Los participantes fueron 300 padres de niños de 3 a 12 años, que aprobaron el uso de una disciplina severa. Los padres (n = 150) que recibieron la intervención de 8 semanas se compararon con los padres del grupo control (n = 150). Un ANOVA de modelo mixto reveló que los padres de PEPVAC demostraron un uso reducido de tácticas disciplinarias severas y una menor incidencia de padres que golpeaban a sus hijos en comparación con los padres del grupo de control que continuaban con las conductas habituales. Los resultados sugieren que PEPVAC puede ser una herramienta de intervención útil en la prevención de la violencia punitiva contra los niños, especialmente en un país culturalmente orientado como Nigeria, con más de 91 millones de niños en riesgo de violencia en el hogar.
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