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Santos, A. S., & Silva, I. (2023). Correlatos psicosociales de mujeres con cáncer de mama durante la quimioterapia: una revisión exploratoria. International Journal of Psychological Research, 16(1), 140–155. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.5800
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Resumen

Introducción. Los tratamientos para el cáncer de mama (CM) provocan cambios en la vida de estas mujeres, y su estado psicológico y calidad de vida (CdV) pueden
verse afectados a varios niveles. Objetivo. Sintetizar el conocimiento actual sobre cómo se comportan la CdV, el apoyo social (AS), el afrontamiento resiliente, la
espiritualidad y el afecto positivo y negativo (APAN) durante la experiencia de CM y quimioterapia (QT). Metodología. Para esta revisión de alcance, se siguieron
las directrices PRISMA ScR, se utilizó B-On y se discriminaron los estudios entre 2016-2021. Se obtuvieron 120 artículos, y se incluyeron 14 estudios transversales
y retrospectivos para su revisión, ya que los demás no evaluaban al menos una de las variables de interés, eran revisiones bibliográficas, incluían cáncer metastásico o avanzado y tenían como participantes a las personas significativas de mujeres con CM. Resultados. El CM y la QT tienen un impacto positivo significativo en
el AS, la espiritualidad y la resiliencia y un impacto negativo significativo en la CdV y el APAN. La espiritualidad y el AS mostraron ser importantes estrategias
de afrontamiento utilizadas por las mujeres con CM. Parece haber una correlación positiva entre la mayoría de las variables, excepto el afecto negativo. Conclusiones.
Estas variables psicosociales que parecen verse afectadas por el cáncer y sus tratamientos deben ser consideradas por el equipo sanitario. Deben desarrollarse
intervenciones psicológicas que se centren en las necesidades y recursos de estas mujeres, concretamente intervenciones grupales e intervenciones basadas en la
Psicología Positiva.

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