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Preciado Duarte, N. Y., Trujillo Madrigal, D., & Rojas Espitia, H. F. (2018). Ansiedad, depresión, estrés y apoyo social percibido en el proceso de hospitalización de la Sociedad de Cirugía Hospital de San José de la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia. Psychologia, 12(1), 71–87. https://doi.org/10.21500/19002386.3263
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Resumen
Se determinó la presencia de ansiedad, depresión, estrés y apoyo social percibidos en el proceso de hospitalización, en una muestra probabilística de 232 personas, con un protocolo que incluyó entrevista semiestructurada, inventario de depresión de Beck (BDI), Escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria (HADS) (subescala de ansiedad), entrevista de apoyo social basada en la escala de Zimet y Escala de estrés percibido (PSS-14). Los resultados indican presencia de
depresión en el 55% y de ansiedad en el 16% de los participantes, estrés percibido en promedio de 24.50 DE: 7.45 y mayor apoyo social percibido por parte de personas significativas y familiares. En relación con las variables sociodemográficas, se encontró mayor depresión en los adultos tardíos de sexo masculino, en unión libre y con estancia hospitalaria larga. La ansiedad y el estrés percibido fueron superiores en las mujeres solteras con estancia hospitalaria corta. El apoyo social percibido fue menor en los adultos de sexo masculino, casados y con estancia hospitalaria media. Se concluyó que es fundamental profundizar en la relación de las variables estudiadas para su correcto y oportuno tratamiento con un enfoque biopsicosocial, lo que es coherente con reportes de la literatura.
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Referencias
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Meneghetti, C., Guidolin, B., Zimmermann, P., & Sfoggia, A. (2017). Screening for symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients admitted to a university hospital with acute coronary syndrome. Trends Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 39(1), 12 - 18. doi: 10.1590/2237-6089-2016-0004
Mora, S., Barreto, C., & García, L. (2015). Procesos médico-administrativos en hospitalizados y prolongación de la estancia. Repertorio Medicina y Cirugía, 24 (4), 284-293.
Nogueda, M., Pérez, B., Barrientos, V., Robles, R., & Sierra, J. (2013). Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS): validación en pacientes mexicanos con infección por VIH. Psicología Iberoamericana, 21 (2), 29-37.
Ortiz, M. & Baeza, M. (2011). Propiedades psicométricas de una escala para medir apoyo social percibido en pacientes chilenos con diabetes tipo 2. Universitas Psychologica, 10 (1), 189-196.
Pachi, A., Bratis, D., Moussas, G., & Tselebis, A. (2013). Psychiatric morbidity and other factors affecting adherence in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Tuberculosis Research and Treatment, 2013, 1-37. doi: 10.1155/2013/489865
Poole, L., Leigh, E., Kidd, T., Ronaldson, A., Jahangiri, M., & Steptoe, A. (2014). The combined association of depression and socioeconomic status with length of post-operative hospital stay following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: data from a prospective cohort study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research,76 (1), 34 -40. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.10.019
Remor, E. (2006). Psychometric properties of a European Spanish version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 9 (1), 86-93. doi: 10.1017/s1138741600006004
Robles, R. (2010). Manejo de enfermedades crónicas y terminales. En L. Oblitas (Ed.), Psicología de la salud y de la calidad de vida (pp. 249 - 278). México: Cengage Learning.
Roohafza, H., Keshteli, A., Daghaghzadeh, H., Afshar, H., Erfani, Z., & Adibi, P. (2016). Life stressors, coping strategies, and social supports in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Advanced Biomedical Research, 29 (5), 1- 15. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.190935
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Snaith, P. (2003). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 1(1), 29-32. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-29
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