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Etchezahar, E., Ungaretti, J., Prado Gascó, V., & Brusino, S. (2016). Psychometric properties of the attitudes toward gay men scale in Argentinian context: the influence of sex, authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation. International Journal of Psychological Research, 9(1), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2097
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The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
To give up copyright, the authors allow that, International Journal of Psychological Research, distribute the work more broadly, check for the reuse by others and take care of the necessary procedures for the registration and administration of copyright; at the same time, our editorial board represents the interests of the author and allows authors to re-use his work in various forms. In response to the above, authors transfer copyright to the journal, International Journal of Psychological Research. This transfer does not imply other rights which are not those of authorship (for example those that concern about patents). Likewise, preserves the authors rights to use the work integral or partially in lectures, books and courses, as well as make copies for educational purposes. Finally, the authors may use freely the tables and figures in its future work, wherever make explicit reference to the previous publication in International Journal of Psychological Research. The assignment of copyright includes both virtual rights and forms of the article to allow the editorial to disseminate the work in the manner which it deems appropriate.
The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
Abstract
Even though prejudice toward male homosexuality is one of the main reasons for discrimination in Argentina, there is no valid measure to assess it. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Attitudes Toward Gay Men Scale (ATG) and to examine the influence of sex, right wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation on anti-gay attitudes. Data were collected with a convenience sample of 436 undergraduate students from University of Buenos Aires. Analysis of the data showed adequate psychometric properties for the ATG Scale and the moderating effect of sex, right wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation on anti-gay attitudes. Implications of these findings were discussed.
Keywords:
References
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Altemeyer, B. (1996) The authoritarian specter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Altemeyer, B. (1998) The other “authoritarian personality”. En M. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Pp. 47–92). San Diego, CA: Academic.
Barrientos, J., & Cárdenas, M. (2012) A confirmatory factor analysis of the Spanish Version of The Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men (ATLG) Measure. Universitas Psychologica, 11(2), 561-568.
Bassett, R. L., Kirnan, R., Hill, M., & Schultz, A. (2005) SOAP: Validating the sexual orientation and practices scale. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 24(2), 165–175.
Bentler, P. (1995). EQS structural equations program manual. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software.
Cárdenas, M., & Barrientos, J. (2008) The Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men Scale (ATLG): Adaptation and Testing the Reliability and Validity in Chile. Journal of Sex Research, 45(2), 140-149.
Cohrs, J. C., & Asbrock, F. (2009) Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and ethnic prejudice against threatening and competitive groups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 270–289.
DeRosa, N., & Kochurka, K. (2006) Implement culturally competent healthcare in your workplace. Nursing Management, 37(10), 18-26.
Duckitt, J. (1992) The Social Psychology of Prejudice. NY: Praeger.
Duckitt, J. (2010) A Tripartite Approach to Right-Wing Authoritarianism: The Authoritarianism – Conservatism - Traditionalism Model. Political Psychology, 31(5), 685-715.
Duckitt, J., & Sibley, C. G. (2010) Personality, Ideology, Prejudice, and Politics: A Dual-Process Motivational Model. Journal of Personality, 78(6), 1861-1894.
Etchezahar, E. (2012) Las dimensiones del autoritarismo: Análisis de la escala de autoritarismo del ala de derechas (RWA) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Revista Psicología Política, 12(25), 591-603.
Etchezahar, E., Prado-Gascó, V., Jaume, L., & Brussino, S. (2014) Validación argentina de la escala de Orientación a la Dominancia Social (SDO). Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 46(1), 35-43.
Fiske, S. T. (2009) Social Beings: Core Motives in Social Psychology. New York: Wiley.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006) Multivariate Data Analysis. New Jersey: Pearson.
Hambleton, R. K., Merenda, P. F., & Spielberger, C. D. (2005) Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Harper, C. (2007) Intersex. New York, USA: Berg Publishers.
Herek, G. M. (1988) Heterosexuals’ attitudes towards lesbians and gay men: Correlates and gender differences. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 451-477.
Herek, G. M. (2000) Sexual Prejudice and Gender: Do Heterosexuals’ Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men Differ? Journal of Social Issues, 56(2), 251–266.
Herek, G. M. (2009) Hate crimes and stigma-related experiences among sexual minority adults in the United States: prevalence estimates from a national probability sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24, 54–74.
Kilianski, S. E. (2003) Explaining heterosexual men’s attitudes towards women and gay men: The theory of exclusively masculine identity. Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 4, 37-56.
Kite, M. E., & Whitley, B. E., Jr. (1996) Sex differences in attitudes towards homosexual persons, behavior, and civil rights: A metaanalysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 336-353.
Lizasoain, L., & Joaristi, L. (2003). Gestión y análisis de datos con SPSS. Madrid: ITES-PARANINFO.
Lottes, I., & Grollman, E. (2010). Conceptualization and Assessment of Homonegativity. International Journal of Sexual Health, 22, 219–233.
Meccia, E. (2003) Derechos molestos. Análisis de tres conjeturas sociológicas relativas a la incorporación de la problemática homosexual en la agenda política Argentina. Revista Argentina de Sociología, 1(1), 59-76.
Moral de la Rubia, J., & Valle de la O, A. (2011) Escala de Actitudes hacia Lesbianas y Hombres Homosexuales en México 1.Estructura factorial y consistencia interna. Revista Electrónica Nova Scientia, 3(2), 139-157.
Moreno, A., Herazo, E., Oviedo, H., & Campo-Arias, A. (2015). Measuring homonegativity: psychometric analysis of Herek's attitudes toward lesbians and gay men scale (ATLG) in Colombia, South America. Journal of Homosexuality, 62(7), 924-35.
Paradiso Sottile, P. (2013) Informe Crímenes de Odio del Año 2012 (asesinatos por orientación sexual e identidad de género). Recovered on 08/11/2013 from http://www.cha.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2013/06/Informe-Cr%C3%ADmenes-de-Odio-2012.pdf.
Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994) Social Dominance Orientation: A Personality Variable Predicting Social and Political Attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(4), 741-763.
Rodríguez, M., Sabucedo, J. M., & Costa, M. (1993) Factores motivacionales y psicosociales asociados a distintos tipos de acción política. Psicología Política, 7(2), 19-38.
Satorra, A. (2002) Asymptotic robustness in multiple group linear-latent variable models. Econometric Theory, 18(2), 297–312.
Shields, S. A., & Harriman, R. E. (1984) Fear of male homosexuality: cardiac responses of low and high homonegative males. Journal of Homosexuality, 10(1–2), 53–67.
Stoever, C. J., & Morera, O. F. (2007) A confirmatory factor analysis of the Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men (ATLG) measure. Journal of Homosexuality, 52(3-4), 189-209.
Vega, V. (2007). Adaptación Argentina de un inventario para medir identidad de rol de género. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 39(3), 537-546.
Weinberg, G. (1972) Society and the Healthy Homosexual.New York: St. Martin’s.
Whitley, B. E., & Lee, S. E. (2000) The relationship of authoritarianism and related constructs to attitudes towards homosexuality. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, 144-170.
Wu, J., & Kwok, D. K. (2012) Psychometric properties of Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men Scale with Chinese university students. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 521-526.
Altemeyer, B. (1996) The authoritarian specter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Altemeyer, B. (1998) The other “authoritarian personality”. En M. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Pp. 47–92). San Diego, CA: Academic.
Barrientos, J., & Cárdenas, M. (2012) A confirmatory factor analysis of the Spanish Version of The Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men (ATLG) Measure. Universitas Psychologica, 11(2), 561-568.
Bassett, R. L., Kirnan, R., Hill, M., & Schultz, A. (2005) SOAP: Validating the sexual orientation and practices scale. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 24(2), 165–175.
Bentler, P. (1995). EQS structural equations program manual. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software.
Cárdenas, M., & Barrientos, J. (2008) The Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men Scale (ATLG): Adaptation and Testing the Reliability and Validity in Chile. Journal of Sex Research, 45(2), 140-149.
Cohrs, J. C., & Asbrock, F. (2009) Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and ethnic prejudice against threatening and competitive groups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 270–289.
DeRosa, N., & Kochurka, K. (2006) Implement culturally competent healthcare in your workplace. Nursing Management, 37(10), 18-26.
Duckitt, J. (1992) The Social Psychology of Prejudice. NY: Praeger.
Duckitt, J. (2010) A Tripartite Approach to Right-Wing Authoritarianism: The Authoritarianism – Conservatism - Traditionalism Model. Political Psychology, 31(5), 685-715.
Duckitt, J., & Sibley, C. G. (2010) Personality, Ideology, Prejudice, and Politics: A Dual-Process Motivational Model. Journal of Personality, 78(6), 1861-1894.
Etchezahar, E. (2012) Las dimensiones del autoritarismo: Análisis de la escala de autoritarismo del ala de derechas (RWA) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Revista Psicología Política, 12(25), 591-603.
Etchezahar, E., Prado-Gascó, V., Jaume, L., & Brussino, S. (2014) Validación argentina de la escala de Orientación a la Dominancia Social (SDO). Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 46(1), 35-43.
Fiske, S. T. (2009) Social Beings: Core Motives in Social Psychology. New York: Wiley.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006) Multivariate Data Analysis. New Jersey: Pearson.
Hambleton, R. K., Merenda, P. F., & Spielberger, C. D. (2005) Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Harper, C. (2007) Intersex. New York, USA: Berg Publishers.
Herek, G. M. (1988) Heterosexuals’ attitudes towards lesbians and gay men: Correlates and gender differences. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 451-477.
Herek, G. M. (2000) Sexual Prejudice and Gender: Do Heterosexuals’ Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men Differ? Journal of Social Issues, 56(2), 251–266.
Herek, G. M. (2009) Hate crimes and stigma-related experiences among sexual minority adults in the United States: prevalence estimates from a national probability sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24, 54–74.
Kilianski, S. E. (2003) Explaining heterosexual men’s attitudes towards women and gay men: The theory of exclusively masculine identity. Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 4, 37-56.
Kite, M. E., & Whitley, B. E., Jr. (1996) Sex differences in attitudes towards homosexual persons, behavior, and civil rights: A metaanalysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 336-353.
Lizasoain, L., & Joaristi, L. (2003). Gestión y análisis de datos con SPSS. Madrid: ITES-PARANINFO.
Lottes, I., & Grollman, E. (2010). Conceptualization and Assessment of Homonegativity. International Journal of Sexual Health, 22, 219–233.
Meccia, E. (2003) Derechos molestos. Análisis de tres conjeturas sociológicas relativas a la incorporación de la problemática homosexual en la agenda política Argentina. Revista Argentina de Sociología, 1(1), 59-76.
Moral de la Rubia, J., & Valle de la O, A. (2011) Escala de Actitudes hacia Lesbianas y Hombres Homosexuales en México 1.Estructura factorial y consistencia interna. Revista Electrónica Nova Scientia, 3(2), 139-157.
Moreno, A., Herazo, E., Oviedo, H., & Campo-Arias, A. (2015). Measuring homonegativity: psychometric analysis of Herek's attitudes toward lesbians and gay men scale (ATLG) in Colombia, South America. Journal of Homosexuality, 62(7), 924-35.
Paradiso Sottile, P. (2013) Informe Crímenes de Odio del Año 2012 (asesinatos por orientación sexual e identidad de género). Recovered on 08/11/2013 from http://www.cha.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2013/06/Informe-Cr%C3%ADmenes-de-Odio-2012.pdf.
Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994) Social Dominance Orientation: A Personality Variable Predicting Social and Political Attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(4), 741-763.
Rodríguez, M., Sabucedo, J. M., & Costa, M. (1993) Factores motivacionales y psicosociales asociados a distintos tipos de acción política. Psicología Política, 7(2), 19-38.
Satorra, A. (2002) Asymptotic robustness in multiple group linear-latent variable models. Econometric Theory, 18(2), 297–312.
Shields, S. A., & Harriman, R. E. (1984) Fear of male homosexuality: cardiac responses of low and high homonegative males. Journal of Homosexuality, 10(1–2), 53–67.
Stoever, C. J., & Morera, O. F. (2007) A confirmatory factor analysis of the Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men (ATLG) measure. Journal of Homosexuality, 52(3-4), 189-209.
Vega, V. (2007). Adaptación Argentina de un inventario para medir identidad de rol de género. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 39(3), 537-546.
Weinberg, G. (1972) Society and the Healthy Homosexual.New York: St. Martin’s.
Whitley, B. E., & Lee, S. E. (2000) The relationship of authoritarianism and related constructs to attitudes towards homosexuality. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, 144-170.
Wu, J., & Kwok, D. K. (2012) Psychometric properties of Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men Scale with Chinese university students. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 521-526.
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