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Herbranson, W. T. (2016). Dissociation of Procedural and Working Memory in Pigeons (Columba livia). International Journal of Psychological Research, 9(2), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2326
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The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
To give up copyright, the authors allow that, International Journal of Psychological Research, distribute the work more broadly, check for the reuse by others and take care of the necessary procedures for the registration and administration of copyright; at the same time, our editorial board represents the interests of the author and allows authors to re-use his work in various forms. In response to the above, authors transfer copyright to the journal, International Journal of Psychological Research. This transfer does not imply other rights which are not those of authorship (for example those that concern about patents). Likewise, preserves the authors rights to use the work integral or partially in lectures, books and courses, as well as make copies for educational purposes. Finally, the authors may use freely the tables and figures in its future work, wherever make explicit reference to the previous publication in International Journal of Psychological Research. The assignment of copyright includes both virtual rights and forms of the article to allow the editorial to disseminate the work in the manner which it deems appropriate.
The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
Abstract
A new method was developed to concurrently investigate procedural memory and working memory in pigeons. Pigeons performed a sequence of keypecks across 3 response keys in a serial response task, with periodic choice probes for the location of a recently produced response. Procedural memory was operationally defined as decreasing response times to predictable cues in the sequence. Working memory was reflected by accurate responses to the choice probes. Changing the sequence of required keypecks to a random sequence interfered with procedural memory in the form of slowed response times, but did not prevent pigeons from effectively using working memory to remember specific cue locations. Conversely, changing exposure duration of to a cue location influenced working memory but had no effect on procedural memory. Double dissociations such as this have supported the multiple systems approach to the study of memory in cognitive psychology and neuroscience, and they encourage a similar approach in comparative psychology.
References
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Mennenga, S.E., Baxter, L.C., Grunfeld, I.S., Brewer, G.A., Aiken, L.S., Engler-Chiurazzi, E.B., Camp, B.W., Acosta, J.I., Braden, B.B., Schaefer, K.R. and Gerson, J.E. (2014). Navigating to new frontiers in behavioral neuroscience: traditional neuropsychological tests predict human performance on a rodent-inspired radial-arm maze. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 8.
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Poling, A., Nickel, M. & Alling, K. (1990). Free birds aren’t fat: Weight gain in captured wild pigeons maintained under laboratory conditions. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 53, 423-424.
Procyk, E., Dominey, P. F., Amiez, C., & Joseph, J.-P. (2000). The effects of sequence structure and reward schedule on serial reaction time learning in the monkey. Cognitive Brain Research, 9, 239–248.
Roberts, W.A., Strang, C., & Macpherson, K. (2015). Memory systems interaction in the pigeon: Working and reference memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 41(2), 152-162.
Roberts, W. A., & Van Veldhuizen, N. (1985). Spatial memory in pigeons on the radial maze. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 11(2), 241.
Roitblat, H. L., Tham, W., & Golub, L. (1982). Performance of Betta splendens in a radial arm maze. Animal Learning & Behavior, 10(1), 108-114.
Shimp, C.P. & Moffitt, M. (1974). Short-term memory in the pigeon: Stimulus-response associations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 22(3), 507-512.
Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there?. American psychologist, 40(4), 385.
White, K.G. (1985). Characteristics of forgetting functions in delayed matching to sample. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 44, 15-34.
Willingham, D.B., & Goedert-Eschmann, K. (1999). The relation between implicit and explicit learning: Evidence for parallel development. Psychological Science, 10, 531-534.
Wilkie, D. M., & Slobin, P. (1983). Gerbils in space: Performance in the 17-arm radial maze. Journal of the experimental Analysis of Behavior, 40(3), 301-312.
Wilkinson, A., Chan, H. M., & Hall, G. (2007). Spatial learning and memory in the tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 121(4), 412.
Zentall, T. R. (2013), Comparative cognition: An approach whose time has come. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 100: 257–268. doi: 10.1002/jeab.35
Baddeley, A .D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G.H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory (Vol. 8, pp. 47–89). New York: Academic Press.
Bolhuis, J. J., & Van Kampen, H. S. (1988). Serial position curves in spatial memory of rats: Primacy and recency effects. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 40(2), 135-149.
Brown, P. L., & Jenkins, H. J. (1968). Autoshaping of the pigeon’s keypeck. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 11, 1–8.
Christie,M.A., & Dalrymple-Alford, J. C. (2004).A new rat model of the human serial reaction time task: Contrasting effects of caudate and hippocampal lesions. Journal of Neuroscience, 24, 1034–1039.
Colwill, R., Raymond, M., Ferreira, L., & Escudero, H. (2005). Visual discrimination learning in zebrafish. Behavioral Processes, 70, 19–31. doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2005.03.001
Curran, T. & Keele, S.W. (1993). Attentional and nonattentional forms of sequence learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 19, 189-202.
DeCoteau, W. E., & Kesner, R. P. (2000). A double dissociation between the rat hippocampus and medial caudoputamen in processing two forms of knowledge. Behavioral neuroscience, 114(6), 1096.
Diekamp, B., Kalt, T. & Gunturkun, O. (2002). Working memory neurons in pigeons. Journal of Neuroscience, 22, 1-5.
Froehlich, A. L., Herbranson, W.T., Loper, J.D., Wood, D.M. & Shimp, C.P. (2004). Anticipating by pigeons depends on local statistical information in a serial response time task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 31-45.
Herbranson, W.T., Xi, P.M. & Trinh, Y.T. (2014). Spatial variability in serial response learning and performance by pigeons (Columba livia). International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 27(2), 280-294.
Herbranson, W.T. & Stanton,G.L. (2011). Flexible Serial Response Learning by Pigeons (Columba livia) and Humans (Homo sapiens). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 125(3), 328-340.
Hunt, R. H., & Aslin, R. N. (2001). Statistical learning in a serial reaction time task: Access to separable statistical cues by individual learners. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 658–680.
Locurto, C., Gagne, M., & Levesque, K. (2009). Implicit chaining in cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 35, 116–122.
Jones, C., McGhee, R., & Wilkie, D. (1990). Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) use spatial memory in foraging for food to hoard. Behavioral Processes, 21, 179–187. doi:10.1016/0376-6357(90)90023-9
Kay, C., Harper, D. N., & Hunt, M. (2010). Differential effects of MDMA and scopolamine on working versus reference memory in the radial arm maze task. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 93(2), 151-156.
Laughlin, K., & Mendl, M. (2000). Pigs shift too: Foraging strategies and spatial memory in the domestic pig. Animal Behavior, 60, 403–410. doi:10.1006/anbe.2000.1468
Macpherson, K., & Roberts, W. A. (2010). Spatial memory in dogs (Canis familiaris) on a radial maze. Journal of comparative psychology, 124(1), 47.
Mennenga, S.E., Baxter, L.C., Grunfeld, I.S., Brewer, G.A., Aiken, L.S., Engler-Chiurazzi, E.B., Camp, B.W., Acosta, J.I., Braden, B.B., Schaefer, K.R. and Gerson, J.E. (2014). Navigating to new frontiers in behavioral neuroscience: traditional neuropsychological tests predict human performance on a rodent-inspired radial-arm maze. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 8.
Murdock, B. (1962). Serial Position Effect of Free Recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(2), 482–488. doi:10.1037/h0045106.
Nissen, M.J. & Bullemer, P. (1987). Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology, 19, 1-32.
Olton, D.S. & Samuelson, R.J. (1976). Remembrances of places past: Spatial memory in rats. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. 2, 97-116.
Packard, M. G., Hirsh, R., & White, N. M. (1989). Differential effects of fornix and caudate nucleus lesions on two radial maze tasks: evidence for multiple memory systems. The Journal of neuroscience, 9(5), 1465-1472.
Poling, A., Nickel, M. & Alling, K. (1990). Free birds aren’t fat: Weight gain in captured wild pigeons maintained under laboratory conditions. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 53, 423-424.
Procyk, E., Dominey, P. F., Amiez, C., & Joseph, J.-P. (2000). The effects of sequence structure and reward schedule on serial reaction time learning in the monkey. Cognitive Brain Research, 9, 239–248.
Roberts, W.A., Strang, C., & Macpherson, K. (2015). Memory systems interaction in the pigeon: Working and reference memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 41(2), 152-162.
Roberts, W. A., & Van Veldhuizen, N. (1985). Spatial memory in pigeons on the radial maze. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 11(2), 241.
Roitblat, H. L., Tham, W., & Golub, L. (1982). Performance of Betta splendens in a radial arm maze. Animal Learning & Behavior, 10(1), 108-114.
Shimp, C.P. & Moffitt, M. (1974). Short-term memory in the pigeon: Stimulus-response associations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 22(3), 507-512.
Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there?. American psychologist, 40(4), 385.
White, K.G. (1985). Characteristics of forgetting functions in delayed matching to sample. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 44, 15-34.
Willingham, D.B., & Goedert-Eschmann, K. (1999). The relation between implicit and explicit learning: Evidence for parallel development. Psychological Science, 10, 531-534.
Wilkie, D. M., & Slobin, P. (1983). Gerbils in space: Performance in the 17-arm radial maze. Journal of the experimental Analysis of Behavior, 40(3), 301-312.
Wilkinson, A., Chan, H. M., & Hall, G. (2007). Spatial learning and memory in the tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 121(4), 412.
Zentall, T. R. (2013), Comparative cognition: An approach whose time has come. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 100: 257–268. doi: 10.1002/jeab.35
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