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Richaud, M. C., Mesurado, B., & Minzi, M. P. (2019). Attachment Style Classification Questionnaire for latency age: Psychometrics properties of Argentine Sample. International Journal of Psychological Research, 12(2), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.4058
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The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
To give up copyright, the authors allow that, International Journal of Psychological Research, distribute the work more broadly, check for the reuse by others and take care of the necessary procedures for the registration and administration of copyright; at the same time, our editorial board represents the interests of the author and allows authors to re-use his work in various forms. In response to the above, authors transfer copyright to the journal, International Journal of Psychological Research. This transfer does not imply other rights which are not those of authorship (for example those that concern about patents). Likewise, preserves the authors rights to use the work integral or partially in lectures, books and courses, as well as make copies for educational purposes. Finally, the authors may use freely the tables and figures in its future work, wherever make explicit reference to the previous publication in International Journal of Psychological Research. The assignment of copyright includes both virtual rights and forms of the article to allow the editorial to disseminate the work in the manner which it deems appropriate.
The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to perform a psychometric study of the Attachment Style Classification Questionnaire (ASCQ) in Spanish language. This paper included three studies. The objectives of study 1 were to analyze the discriminative power of items, to carry out an EFA to determine the structure of the questionnaire, and to calculate the internal consistency of factors. The objectives of study 2 were to test the questionnaire structure through a CFA, and to determine if the model obtained was invariant between sex and age. The objective of Study 3 was to study the convergent validity. The three studies were carried out with three different samples of 180, 200, and 425 Argentinian children, aged 9 to 12 years, respectively. The results confirm the three factor structure of the adapted questionnaire, showing good psychometric properties (satisfactory internal consistency and adequate validity).
Keywords:
References
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Belsky, J., & Cassidy, J. (1994). Attachment: Theory and evidence. In M. Rutter, & D. F. Hay (Eds.), Development through life: A handbook for clinicians (pp. 373–402). Oxford: Blackwell.
Borelli, J. L., Somers, J., West, J. L., Coffey, J. K., De Los Reyes, A., & Shmueli-Goetz, Y. (2016). Associations between attachment narratives and self-report measures of attachment in middle childhood: Extending evidence for the validity of the Child Attachment Interview. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(4), 1235-1246. doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0310-8
Bosmans, G., & Kerns, K. A. (2015). Attachment in middle childhood: Progress and prospects. New directions for child and adolescent development, 148, 1-14. doi:10.1002/cad.20100
Burnette, J. L., Davis, D. E., Green, J. D., Worthington, E. L., & Bradfield, E. (2009). Insecure attachment and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of rumination, empathy, and forgiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(3), 276–280. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.016
Byrne, B. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS. Basic Concepts, applications, and programming. New York, NY: Routledge
Cassidy, J. (2003). Continuity and change in the measurement of infant attachment: Comment on Fraley and Spieker. Developmental Psychology, 39(3), 409-412. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.409
Cattell, R. B. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1(2), 245-276. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10
Davidov, E., Schmidt, P., & Billiet, J. (2012). Social location and value priorities. A European-wide comparison of the relation between socio-demographic variables and human values. In S. I. Keil, O. W. Gabriel (Eds.), Society and Democracy in Europe. London: Routledge.
Davis, M. H. (2018). Empathy: A Social-Psychological Approach. London: Routledge.
Decety, J., & Svetlova, M. (2011). Putting together phylogenetic and ontogenetic perspectives on empathy. Developmental Cognitive Neurocience. 2(1), 1-24. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.05.003
Dwyer, K. (2005). The meaning and measurement of attachment in middle and late childhood. Human development, 48 (3), 155–182.
Eisenberg, N., & Eggum, N. D. (2009). Empathic responding: Sympathy and personal distress. In Decety, J., Ickes, W. (Eds.), The Social Neuro-science of Empathy (pp. 71–83). MIT Press, MA: Cambridge.
Finzi, R., Cohen, O., Iwaniec, D., Sapir, Y. & Weizman, A. (2003). Attachment styles in the families of the drug-using father. Substance Use and Misuse, 38, 271-292. doi:10.1081/JA-120017249
Finzi, R., Cohen, O., Sapir, Y., & Weizman, A. (2000) Attachment styles in maltreated children: a comparative study. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 31(2), 113-128. doi:10.1023/A:1001944509409
Finzi, R., Har-Even, D., Weizman, A., Tyano, S., & Shnit, D. (1996). The adaptation of the attachment style questionnaire for latency-aged children [Hebrew]. Psychology, 5, 167–177.
Finzi, R., Shnit, D., & Weizman, A. (2002). Psychosocial characterization of physically abused children from low socioeconomic households in comparison to neglected and non maltreated children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 11(4), 441–453. doi:10.1023/A:1020983308496
Finzi-Dottan, R., Manor, I. & Tyano, S. (2006). ADHD, temperament, and parental style as predictors of the child’s attachment patterns. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 37(2), 103-114. doi:10.1007/s10578-006-0024-7
Fonagy, P. (2018). Attachment Theory and Psychoanalysis. London: Routledge
Frías-Navarro, D. (2014). Apuntes de SPSS. Universidad de Valencia. Retrieved from http://www.uv.es/friasnav/ApuntesSPSS.pdf.
Gillath, O., Shaver, P. R., Mikulincer, M., Nitzberg, R. E., Erez, A., & van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and volunteering: Placing volunteerism in an Attachment-theoretical framework. Personal Relationships, 12(4), 425-446. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2005.00124.x
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(3), 511-524.
Katz, M. H. (2006). Multivariable analysis (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kerns, K. A., Klepac, L., & Cole, A. K. (1996). Peer relationships and preadolescents´ perceptions of security in the mother-child relationships. Developmental Psychology, 32(3), 457-466. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.3.457
Kerns, K. A., Mathews, B. L., Koehn, A. J., Williams, C. T., & Siener-Ciesla, S. (2015). Assessing both safe haven and secure base support in parent–child relationships. Attachment & human development, 17(4), 337-353. doi:10.1080/14616734.2015.1042487
Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York, NY: The Guilford Press
Lieberman, A. (2004). Traumatic stress and quality of attachment: Reality and internalization in disorders of infant mental health. Infant Mental Health, 25(4), 336-351. doi:10.1002/imhj.20009
Lieberman, M., Doyle, A., & Markiewicz, D. (1999). Developmental patterns in security of attachment to mother and father in late childhood and early adolescence: Associations with peer relations. Child Development, 70(1), 202–213. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00015
Lorenzo-Seva, U., Timmerman, M. E., & Kiers, H. A. (2011). The Hull method for selecting the number of common factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(2), 340-364. doi:10.1080/00273171.2011.564527
Marvin, R. S., & Britner, P. A. (1999). Normative development: The ontogeny of attachment. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 44-67). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
McDonald, R. P. (2013). Test theory: A unified treatment. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Group. doi:10.4324/9781410601087
Mesurado, B. Guerra, P., De Sanctis, F., & Rodriguez, L. M. (2019) Validation of the Spanish Version of the Prosocial Behavior Toward Different Targets Scale. International Social Work. doi:10.1177/2F0020872819858738
Mesurado, B., & Richaud, M. C. (2017). The relationship between parental variables, empathy and prosocial-flow with prosocial behavior toward strangers, friends, and family. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18(3), 843-860. doi:10.1007/s10902-016-9748-7
Mikulincer, M., Florian, V., & Tolmacz, R. (1990). Attachment styles and fear of personal death: A case study of affect regulation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 58(2), 273-280
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2005). Attachment Security, Compassion, and Altruism. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(1), 34-38. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00330.x
Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., Gillath, O., & Nitzberg, R. A. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and altruism: boosting attachment security increases compassion and helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(5), 817-839.
Méndez-Castellano, H., & de Méndez, M. C. (1999). Sociedad y estratificación. método graffar-méndez castellano [society and stratification. graffar–méndez castellano method]. Caracas, Venezuela: Fundacredesa.
Otto, H., & Keller, H. (Eds.) (2014). Different faces of attachment: Cultural variations on a universal human need. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Christensen, J. C. (2011). Empathy and Self-Regulation as Mediators Between Parenting and Adolescents' Prosocial Behavior Toward Strangers, Friends, and Family. Research on Adolescence, 21(3), 545-551. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00695.x
Pallini, S., Chirumbolo, A., Morelli, M., Baiocco, R., Laghi, F., & Eisenberg, N. (2018). The relation of attachment security status to effortful self-regulation: A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 144(5), 501-531. doi:10.1037/bul0000134
Peterson, Ch., & Seligman, M. (2004). Character Strengths and Virtues. A handbook and classification. New York; NY: APA, Oxford University Press.
Reebye, P. N., Ross, S. E., Jamieson, K. (2019) A literature review of child-parent/caregiver attachment theory and cross-cultural practices influencing attachment. Retrieved from https://www.attachmentacrosscultures.org/research
Richaud, M. C., Lemos, V., Mesurado, B., & Oros, L. (2017). Construct validity and reliability of a new Empathy Questionnaire for children aged 9 to12 years. Frontiers in Psychology Method, 8, 1-10. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00979
Richaud, M. C., Mesurado, B., & Lemos, V. (2018). Prosociality: types, targets, and related and contextual variables in childhood and adolescence. In C. García (Ed.), Research on Hispanic Psychology, Volume 1 (Chapter 9). Nova Science Publishers.
Richaud de Minzi, M. C. (2006). Loneliness and depression in middle and late childhood: the relationship to attachment and parental styles. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 167(2), 189-210. doi:10.3200/GNTP.167.2.189-210
Rodríguez Ayán, M. & Ruiz, M. (2008). Atenuación de la asimetría y de la curtosis de las puntuaciones observadas mediante transformaciones de variables: Incidencia sobre la estructura factorial. [Attenuation of the asymmetry and kurtosis of the observed scores through transformations of variables: Incidence on the factorial structure]. Psicológica, 29(2), 205-227.
Román, M. (2011). Metodologías para la evaluación del apego infantil:de la observación de conductas a la exploración de las representaciones mentales [Methods of assessing attachment in infancy and childhood: from observation of behaviours to exploration of mental representations]. Acción Psicológica, 8(2), 27-38.
Román, M., & Palacios, J. (2010). Los modelos internos de apego en niños y niñas adoptados: Relevancia y evaluación.[The internal models of attachment in adopted children: Relevance and evaluation]. In F. Loizaga (Ed.), Adopción hoy. Nuevos desafíos, nuevas estrategias [Adoption today. New challenges, new strategies] (pp. 203-228). Bilbao: Editorial Mensajero.
Ruckstaetter, J., Sells, J., Newmeyer, M. D., & Zink, D. (2017). Parental apologies, empathy, shame, guilt, and attachment: A path analysis. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95(4), 389-400. doi:10.1002/jcad.12154
Sharif, Z. M., Yadegari, N., Bahrami, H., & Khorsandi, T. (2018). Representation of children attachment styles in corman’s instruction of family drawing. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 57, 34-42. doi:10.1016/j.aip.2017.10.004
Siegel, D. J., & Hartzell, M. (2005). Ser padres conscientes. Ediciones La Llave
Sommerville, J., & Decety, J. (Eds.) (2016). Social cognition: Development across the life span. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Spinrad, T., & Eisenberg, N. (2014). Empathy, prosocial behavior, and positive development in schools. In Handbook of positive psychology in schools (pp. 90-106). London: Routledge.
Sroufe, L.A. (2003). Attachment categories as reflections of multiple dimensions: Comment on Fraley and Spieker. Developmental Psychology, 39(3), 413–416.
Sroufe, L. A. (2016). The Place of Attachment in Development. In J. Cassidy, & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications (pp. 997–1011). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Weinfield, N.S., Srouffe, L.A., Egeland, B., & Carlson, E. (2010). Individual differences in infant-caregiver attachment. In Cassidy, J., Shaver, P.R. (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment (pp. 78–101). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Wellisch, M., Brown, J., Taylor, A., Knight, R., Berresford, L., Campbell, L., & Cohen, A. (2011). Secure attachment and high IQ: Are gifted children better adjusted? Australasian Journal of Gifted Education, 20(2), 23-33.
Belsky, J., & Cassidy, J. (1994). Attachment: Theory and evidence. In M. Rutter, & D. F. Hay (Eds.), Development through life: A handbook for clinicians (pp. 373–402). Oxford: Blackwell.
Borelli, J. L., Somers, J., West, J. L., Coffey, J. K., De Los Reyes, A., & Shmueli-Goetz, Y. (2016). Associations between attachment narratives and self-report measures of attachment in middle childhood: Extending evidence for the validity of the Child Attachment Interview. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(4), 1235-1246. doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0310-8
Bosmans, G., & Kerns, K. A. (2015). Attachment in middle childhood: Progress and prospects. New directions for child and adolescent development, 148, 1-14. doi:10.1002/cad.20100
Burnette, J. L., Davis, D. E., Green, J. D., Worthington, E. L., & Bradfield, E. (2009). Insecure attachment and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of rumination, empathy, and forgiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(3), 276–280. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.016
Byrne, B. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS. Basic Concepts, applications, and programming. New York, NY: Routledge
Cassidy, J. (2003). Continuity and change in the measurement of infant attachment: Comment on Fraley and Spieker. Developmental Psychology, 39(3), 409-412. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.409
Cattell, R. B. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1(2), 245-276. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10
Davidov, E., Schmidt, P., & Billiet, J. (2012). Social location and value priorities. A European-wide comparison of the relation between socio-demographic variables and human values. In S. I. Keil, O. W. Gabriel (Eds.), Society and Democracy in Europe. London: Routledge.
Davis, M. H. (2018). Empathy: A Social-Psychological Approach. London: Routledge.
Decety, J., & Svetlova, M. (2011). Putting together phylogenetic and ontogenetic perspectives on empathy. Developmental Cognitive Neurocience. 2(1), 1-24. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.05.003
Dwyer, K. (2005). The meaning and measurement of attachment in middle and late childhood. Human development, 48 (3), 155–182.
Eisenberg, N., & Eggum, N. D. (2009). Empathic responding: Sympathy and personal distress. In Decety, J., Ickes, W. (Eds.), The Social Neuro-science of Empathy (pp. 71–83). MIT Press, MA: Cambridge.
Finzi, R., Cohen, O., Iwaniec, D., Sapir, Y. & Weizman, A. (2003). Attachment styles in the families of the drug-using father. Substance Use and Misuse, 38, 271-292. doi:10.1081/JA-120017249
Finzi, R., Cohen, O., Sapir, Y., & Weizman, A. (2000) Attachment styles in maltreated children: a comparative study. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 31(2), 113-128. doi:10.1023/A:1001944509409
Finzi, R., Har-Even, D., Weizman, A., Tyano, S., & Shnit, D. (1996). The adaptation of the attachment style questionnaire for latency-aged children [Hebrew]. Psychology, 5, 167–177.
Finzi, R., Shnit, D., & Weizman, A. (2002). Psychosocial characterization of physically abused children from low socioeconomic households in comparison to neglected and non maltreated children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 11(4), 441–453. doi:10.1023/A:1020983308496
Finzi-Dottan, R., Manor, I. & Tyano, S. (2006). ADHD, temperament, and parental style as predictors of the child’s attachment patterns. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 37(2), 103-114. doi:10.1007/s10578-006-0024-7
Fonagy, P. (2018). Attachment Theory and Psychoanalysis. London: Routledge
Frías-Navarro, D. (2014). Apuntes de SPSS. Universidad de Valencia. Retrieved from http://www.uv.es/friasnav/ApuntesSPSS.pdf.
Gillath, O., Shaver, P. R., Mikulincer, M., Nitzberg, R. E., Erez, A., & van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and volunteering: Placing volunteerism in an Attachment-theoretical framework. Personal Relationships, 12(4), 425-446. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2005.00124.x
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(3), 511-524.
Katz, M. H. (2006). Multivariable analysis (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kerns, K. A., Klepac, L., & Cole, A. K. (1996). Peer relationships and preadolescents´ perceptions of security in the mother-child relationships. Developmental Psychology, 32(3), 457-466. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.3.457
Kerns, K. A., Mathews, B. L., Koehn, A. J., Williams, C. T., & Siener-Ciesla, S. (2015). Assessing both safe haven and secure base support in parent–child relationships. Attachment & human development, 17(4), 337-353. doi:10.1080/14616734.2015.1042487
Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York, NY: The Guilford Press
Lieberman, A. (2004). Traumatic stress and quality of attachment: Reality and internalization in disorders of infant mental health. Infant Mental Health, 25(4), 336-351. doi:10.1002/imhj.20009
Lieberman, M., Doyle, A., & Markiewicz, D. (1999). Developmental patterns in security of attachment to mother and father in late childhood and early adolescence: Associations with peer relations. Child Development, 70(1), 202–213. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00015
Lorenzo-Seva, U., Timmerman, M. E., & Kiers, H. A. (2011). The Hull method for selecting the number of common factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(2), 340-364. doi:10.1080/00273171.2011.564527
Marvin, R. S., & Britner, P. A. (1999). Normative development: The ontogeny of attachment. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 44-67). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
McDonald, R. P. (2013). Test theory: A unified treatment. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Group. doi:10.4324/9781410601087
Mesurado, B. Guerra, P., De Sanctis, F., & Rodriguez, L. M. (2019) Validation of the Spanish Version of the Prosocial Behavior Toward Different Targets Scale. International Social Work. doi:10.1177/2F0020872819858738
Mesurado, B., & Richaud, M. C. (2017). The relationship between parental variables, empathy and prosocial-flow with prosocial behavior toward strangers, friends, and family. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18(3), 843-860. doi:10.1007/s10902-016-9748-7
Mikulincer, M., Florian, V., & Tolmacz, R. (1990). Attachment styles and fear of personal death: A case study of affect regulation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 58(2), 273-280
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2005). Attachment Security, Compassion, and Altruism. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(1), 34-38. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00330.x
Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., Gillath, O., & Nitzberg, R. A. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and altruism: boosting attachment security increases compassion and helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(5), 817-839.
Méndez-Castellano, H., & de Méndez, M. C. (1999). Sociedad y estratificación. método graffar-méndez castellano [society and stratification. graffar–méndez castellano method]. Caracas, Venezuela: Fundacredesa.
Otto, H., & Keller, H. (Eds.) (2014). Different faces of attachment: Cultural variations on a universal human need. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Christensen, J. C. (2011). Empathy and Self-Regulation as Mediators Between Parenting and Adolescents' Prosocial Behavior Toward Strangers, Friends, and Family. Research on Adolescence, 21(3), 545-551. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00695.x
Pallini, S., Chirumbolo, A., Morelli, M., Baiocco, R., Laghi, F., & Eisenberg, N. (2018). The relation of attachment security status to effortful self-regulation: A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 144(5), 501-531. doi:10.1037/bul0000134
Peterson, Ch., & Seligman, M. (2004). Character Strengths and Virtues. A handbook and classification. New York; NY: APA, Oxford University Press.
Reebye, P. N., Ross, S. E., Jamieson, K. (2019) A literature review of child-parent/caregiver attachment theory and cross-cultural practices influencing attachment. Retrieved from https://www.attachmentacrosscultures.org/research
Richaud, M. C., Lemos, V., Mesurado, B., & Oros, L. (2017). Construct validity and reliability of a new Empathy Questionnaire for children aged 9 to12 years. Frontiers in Psychology Method, 8, 1-10. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00979
Richaud, M. C., Mesurado, B., & Lemos, V. (2018). Prosociality: types, targets, and related and contextual variables in childhood and adolescence. In C. García (Ed.), Research on Hispanic Psychology, Volume 1 (Chapter 9). Nova Science Publishers.
Richaud de Minzi, M. C. (2006). Loneliness and depression in middle and late childhood: the relationship to attachment and parental styles. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 167(2), 189-210. doi:10.3200/GNTP.167.2.189-210
Rodríguez Ayán, M. & Ruiz, M. (2008). Atenuación de la asimetría y de la curtosis de las puntuaciones observadas mediante transformaciones de variables: Incidencia sobre la estructura factorial. [Attenuation of the asymmetry and kurtosis of the observed scores through transformations of variables: Incidence on the factorial structure]. Psicológica, 29(2), 205-227.
Román, M. (2011). Metodologías para la evaluación del apego infantil:de la observación de conductas a la exploración de las representaciones mentales [Methods of assessing attachment in infancy and childhood: from observation of behaviours to exploration of mental representations]. Acción Psicológica, 8(2), 27-38.
Román, M., & Palacios, J. (2010). Los modelos internos de apego en niños y niñas adoptados: Relevancia y evaluación.[The internal models of attachment in adopted children: Relevance and evaluation]. In F. Loizaga (Ed.), Adopción hoy. Nuevos desafíos, nuevas estrategias [Adoption today. New challenges, new strategies] (pp. 203-228). Bilbao: Editorial Mensajero.
Ruckstaetter, J., Sells, J., Newmeyer, M. D., & Zink, D. (2017). Parental apologies, empathy, shame, guilt, and attachment: A path analysis. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95(4), 389-400. doi:10.1002/jcad.12154
Sharif, Z. M., Yadegari, N., Bahrami, H., & Khorsandi, T. (2018). Representation of children attachment styles in corman’s instruction of family drawing. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 57, 34-42. doi:10.1016/j.aip.2017.10.004
Siegel, D. J., & Hartzell, M. (2005). Ser padres conscientes. Ediciones La Llave
Sommerville, J., & Decety, J. (Eds.) (2016). Social cognition: Development across the life span. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Spinrad, T., & Eisenberg, N. (2014). Empathy, prosocial behavior, and positive development in schools. In Handbook of positive psychology in schools (pp. 90-106). London: Routledge.
Sroufe, L.A. (2003). Attachment categories as reflections of multiple dimensions: Comment on Fraley and Spieker. Developmental Psychology, 39(3), 413–416.
Sroufe, L. A. (2016). The Place of Attachment in Development. In J. Cassidy, & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications (pp. 997–1011). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Weinfield, N.S., Srouffe, L.A., Egeland, B., & Carlson, E. (2010). Individual differences in infant-caregiver attachment. In Cassidy, J., Shaver, P.R. (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment (pp. 78–101). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Wellisch, M., Brown, J., Taylor, A., Knight, R., Berresford, L., Campbell, L., & Cohen, A. (2011). Secure attachment and high IQ: Are gifted children better adjusted? Australasian Journal of Gifted Education, 20(2), 23-33.
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