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Navarro, M. C., Marmolejo-Ramos, F., Vásquez, V., Carrea, B., Vélez, J. I., & Mebarak Chams, M. (2020). Estudio exploratorio para la evaluación de la memoria semántica multimodal en niños colombianos. International Journal of Psychological Research, 13(2), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.4847
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Resumen

La memoria semántica (SM) es un tipo de memoria a largo plazo asociada con el almacenamiento de información general sobre el mundo. Aquí evaluamos las características de la batería SM, desarrollada por Catricalà et al. (2013), en una muestra de niños colombianos. Esta batería fue concebida originalmente para evaluar adultos, y presenta seis subpruebas que evalúan SM en diferentes modalidades, utilizando un conjunto común de 48 estímulos en las categorías de vida y no vida. El diseño del presente estudio es de tipo transversal y exploratorio. La muestra estaba compuesta por 111 niños, 57 niños (51%) y 54 niñas (49%), que tenían 6 (n = 68) y 7 (n = 43) años y no tenían discapacidad intelectual. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal robustos y redes de correlación. Encontramos un efecto de la edad en la inteligencia general después de corregir por género, y no hubo diferencias en las seis puntuaciones de la subprueba después de realizar correcciones por género y edad. Además, se encontró que la edad se asociaba positivamente con el nombramiento de fotografías en color (β = .75, p = .039), nombrando en respuesta a una descripción oral (β = 1.81, p = .039), clasificación de imágenes en cuatro niveles (β = 7.22, p = .029) y verificación de oraciones (β = 26.66, p = .01). Además, hubo diferencias entre los resultados obtenidos en adultos en el estudio original y en los niños de nuestro estudio. Este estudio exploratorio respalda la viabilidad de la traducción al español de Catricalà et al. (2013) batería para evaluar SM en niños con una condición no clínica. Se necesitan estudios futuros para evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de esta batería SM, y para corroborar y expandir nuestros hallazgos en una muestra más grande de niños control, y en niños con algún grado de discapacidad intelectual o que padecen algunas condiciones neurodegenerativas o psiquiátricas.

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