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Resumen
Hoy en día, el consumo de alcohol frecuentemente acompaña la socialización como una actividad rutinaria en varios grupos de la sociedad. El 84.0% de las personas mayores de 18 años en los Estados Unidos han consumido alcohol en algún momento de sus vidas (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & US, 2023). De manera similar, el 81.7% de los noruegos en el grupo de edad de 16 a 79 años consumieron alcohol en 2021 (Bye, 2018). Conducir después del consumo de alcohol es un problema mundial que causa un gran número de muertes y lesiones cada año. Este trabajo propone los primeros pasos hacia el desarrollo de un detector de alcohol basado en electroencefalografía (EEG), concebido con la idea de prevenir que las personas conduzcan bajo los efectos del alcohol. Esto incluye el diseño de un protocolo experimental para la recopilación de datos EEG, durante el cual los participantes realizaron la prueba de Flanker y se midió su concentración de alcohol en la sangre (BAC). El conjunto de datos resultante consta de dos sesiones por participante, tanto mientras estaban afectados como no afectados por el alcohol. El análisis estadístico de la prueba de Flanker indicó que los participantes estaban afectados por el alcohol y, por lo tanto, se esperaba que sus señales EEG también lo estuvieran. Las señales EEG recopiladas se utilizaron como entrada para modelos intra-participantes e inter-participantes, ambos basados en la arquitectura EEGNet. El modelo intra-participantes obtuvo una precisión media de clasificación del 90.7%, y el modelo inter-participantes una precisión media del 62.9%. Los resultados sugieren que el alcohol puede detectarse con alta precisión al desarrollar modelos individuales y con una precisión superior al azar al usar un modelo general. Por lo tanto, el trabajo presentado aquí podría servir como los primeros pasos hacia el desarrollo de un detector de alcohol basado en EEG para conductores.
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