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Juárez, F., & Contreras, F. (2012). The influence of optimism and socioeconomic characteristics on leadership practices. International Journal of Psychological Research, 5(2), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.733
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The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
To give up copyright, the authors allow that, International Journal of Psychological Research, distribute the work more broadly, check for the reuse by others and take care of the necessary procedures for the registration and administration of copyright; at the same time, our editorial board represents the interests of the author and allows authors to re-use his work in various forms. In response to the above, authors transfer copyright to the journal, International Journal of Psychological Research. This transfer does not imply other rights which are not those of authorship (for example those that concern about patents). Likewise, preserves the authors rights to use the work integral or partially in lectures, books and courses, as well as make copies for educational purposes. Finally, the authors may use freely the tables and figures in its future work, wherever make explicit reference to the previous publication in International Journal of Psychological Research. The assignment of copyright includes both virtual rights and forms of the article to allow the editorial to disseminate the work in the manner which it deems appropriate.
The editorial board reserves the right of amendments deemed necessary in the application of the rules of publication.
Abstract
The role of optimism and socioeconomic characteristics of managers on leadership practices in small enterprises, in Bogotá, Colombia, was determined. Ninety managers completed the Leadership Practices Inventory and The Revised Life Orientation Test, as well as they provided information about personal and business socio-economic characteristics. Association measures between socio-economic and optimism variables with the Leadership Practices Inventory were taken. Besides, by Chi square test, Mann-Whitney`s U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, they were determined socioeconomic differences in leadership styles, and, by a structural equation model, the effect of age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, number of employees of the company, economic sector, and optimism on leadership practices was analyzed. Only optimism and number of employees showed to be significant.
References
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Chemers, M. M., Watson, C. B., & May, S. T. (2000). Dispositional affects and leadership effectiveness: A comparison of self-esteem, optimism and efficacy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 267–277.
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Cicero, L., & Pierro, A. (2007). Charismatic leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of employees' work-group identification. International Joumal of Psychology, 42, 297-306.
Angel, A. C. (2009). El precio del liderazgo carismático. Debates IESA, XIV(1), 62-64.
Ashkanasy, N. M. & Tse, B. (2000). Transformational leadership as management of emotions: A conceptual review. In Ashkanasy, N.M. & Hartel, C. E. (Eds.), Emotions in the workplace: Research, theory and practice (pp. 221-235). Westport CT; Quorum Books/Greenwald Publishing Group.Barbuto Jr., J. E., Fritz, S. M., Matkin, G. S. & Marx, D. B. (2007).Effects of Gender, Education, and Age upon Leaders’ Use of Influence Tactics and Full Range Leadership Behaviors. Sex Roles, 56, 71–83.
Bass, B.M. (1985). Leadership: Good, better, best. Organizational Dynamics, 3, 26-40.
Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries? American Psychologist, 52, 130-139.
Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Introduction.En Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (Eds.), Improving organizational effectiveness (pp. 1-9). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Berson, Y., Shamir, B., Avolio, B. J. & Popper, M. (2001). The relationship between vision strength, leadership style, and context. Leadership Quarterly, 12, 53–73.
Bono, J.E., &Llies, R. (2006). Charisma, positive emotions and mood contagion.The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 317-334.
Brissette, I., Scheier, M. F. & Carver, C. S. (2002). The role of optimism and social network development, coping, and psychological adjustment during a life transition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 102-111.
Chang, E. C. (1988). Does dispositional optimism moderate the relation between perceived stress and psychological well-being?: A preliminary investigation. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(2), 233-240.
Chemers, M. M., Watson, C. B., & May, S. T. (2000). Dispositional affects and leadership effectiveness: A comparison of self-esteem, optimism and efficacy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 267–277.
Chernin, P. P. (2002). Creative Leadership Excellence is an expression of optimism. Executive Excellence, 193.
Chico, E. (2002). Optimismo disposicional como predictor de estrategias de afrontamiento. Psicothema,14, 544-550.
Cicero, L., & Pierro, A. (2007). Charismatic leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of employees' work-group identification. International Joumal of Psychology, 42, 297-306.
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